Leila Ghorbani; Marjan Farahani; Loghman Keshavarz
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to analyze the environmental and organizational factors affecting the aggression and violence of the volleyball spectators in Iran. The statistical society and also the samples were the organizers of the competition and the staff of the Premier League volleyball teams ...
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The purpose of this study was to analyze the environmental and organizational factors affecting the aggression and violence of the volleyball spectators in Iran. The statistical society and also the samples were the organizers of the competition and the staff of the Premier League volleyball teams of Iran in 2016 and 2017 were 149 in total. A researcher-made questionnaire of 46 questions was used that it’s face and content validity was confirmed by 15 sports management stakeholders and it’s construct validity was confirmed using confirmatory factor analysis. The reliability of the questionnaire was calculated with Cronbach's alpha (0.88). Data analyzed with confirmatory factor analysis and exploratory factor analysis using SPSS and AMOS softwares. According to the Friedman test, the Xi value of 17/005 with the degree of freedom 3 and the significance level of 0.001 with 95% confidence that it could be stated that there is a significant difference between the priority of factors affecting the abnormal behaviors of volleyball spectators and among environmental factors, respectively, the priority of three factors of conditions of places, safety and control and welfare services and among organizational factors, respectively, three factors of competition sensitivity. , Culture and planning and implementation of the competition as effective components on the aggression and violence of volleyball spectators in Iran and explain the need for proper management of the tournament.
