Design Modeling for Motivational Indicators of Sport Expenditures (Time and Money) between Citizen

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Ph.D Student Department of Sport Management, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.

2 Professor, Department of Sport Management, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.

Abstract

Purpose of this study was Design modeling for motivational indicators of sport expenditures (time and money) between citizen. The research method was qualitative based on the Ground Theory of Strauss and Corbin's approach. The statistical population were 156 people: sports science professors in the national, Azad and Payam Noor universities. managers, assistants, experts in the General Directorate of Sports and Youth and Department of Education, department of the Sports and Youth and finally physical education expert’s teachers of Urmia city. Statistical sample was 28 peoples that selected based on the snowball. The research tool has been semi-structural interviews and statistical data analysis, has been qualitatively interviewed and met with members of the central research that leading to an agreement on codes, categories, concepts, and ultimately the model framework.The output of the research was a paradigmatic model of the indicators indicators of sport expenditures that was consisting of causal, pivotal, intervening conditions, strategies and outcomes. The codes mentioned in the first stage of coding are open coding in several concepts such as: Intra-individual factors: (mental-attitudinal, hygienic-health, cognitive-knowledge and planning-targeting factors), interpersonal factors: (cultural-social and media and advertising factors) and organizational factors (economic, facilities and equipment and finally legal factors). Also in the second stage of coding, pivotal coding was identified with the sport expenditures factors. Finally, it was found that the results of effective strategies of the present study at three levels of individual, interaction and organizational level, it increases health, creates an active and healthy lifestyle, returns investment and reduces the cost of treatment and finally develops citizens' sports participation.

Highlights

Abioye, A., Hajifathalian, K., & Danaei, G. (2016). Do mass media campaigns improve physical activity. A systematic review and meta-analysis. Archives of Public Health, 1(10), 18-29. https://doi.org/10.1186/0778-7367-71-20 

Anari, GH., & GHasemi, H. (2020). The Role of Media Consumption on Physical Activity Based on Health Pattern and Perceived Physical Literacy in Iranian Students. Applied Research of Sport Management. 9(2). (Persian).

Anderson, A., Dixon, M. A., Oshiro, K. F.. Wicker, P., Comigham, G. B., & Heere B. (2019). Managerial perceptions of factors affecting the design and delivary of sportfor health programs for refugee populations. Sport Management Review, 22, 80-95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smr.2018.06.015 

Arabzadeh, T. S., Goodarzi, M., Jalali Farahani, M., & Alidoost, E. (2022). Designing and preparing the strategic development plan for Yazd province’s public sport. Sport Management Journal, 14(1), 332-351. (Persian)  https://doi.org/10.22059/jsm.2020.282055.2279

 Asadi, N., Tojari, F., & Nikayin, Z. (2020). The place of sports in the Iran's five-year plans laws. Strategic Studies on Youth and Sports (SSYS),  19(47), 165. (persian)

Askarian, F., Rahbar, M. (2021). Sports Development Model in Iran, Emphasizing the Stakeholder, Practice and Process. Sport Management Journal. 13(1), 315-339. (Persian) https://doi.org/10.22059/jsm.2020.291842.2354

Atghia N. (2017). Assessing the needs of different classes of Iranian women in the sport for all. Journal of Research on Sport Sciences, 4(17), 15-32.(persian)

Babayi, M., Fattah, F. & Shakeri, N. (2018). A qualitative model of sport for all development in Iran based on the grand theory. Journal of Sports and Youth Strategic Studies, 19(49), 95-111. (Persian)

Cheah, Y. K., Azahadi, M., Phang, S. N.  Hazialah, N. (2017). Factors affecting participation decsion and amount of physical activity among urban dwellers in Malay- sia. Public Health, 146. 84-91. DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2017.01.009

Cruz, E., & Raurich, X. (2020). Leisure Time and the Sectoral Composition of Employment. Review of Economic Dynamics. 38, 198-219. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.red.2020.04.004

Elasri-Ejjaberi, A., Aparicio-Chueca, P., & Triadó-Ivern, X. M. (2020). An analysis of the determinants of sport expenditure in sports centers in Spain. Sustainability, 12(23), 10206.‏ DOI:10.3390/su122310206

Fakhri, F., Mousavi, S., Hadi, M., & Alavi, S. (2021). The Impact of Socio-Economic Factors and Sport Participation on Sport and MedicalExpenditures of Employees(Case Study: One of the Military Cultural Centers), Journal of Cultural Guardianship of The Islamic Revolution, 10(22), 287-317.  (Persian)

Fosonghori, F., Norouzi Seyed Hossini, R., Saffari, M. & Kozechian, H. (2022). Strategies for using new technologies to develop recreational sports: from pilot to commercialization. Sport Management Journal, 14 (1), 332-351. (Persian)  https://doi.org/10.22059/jsm.2021.311581.2591

Fozounkhah, P. M., Shahbazi, M., & Monazam, A. (2022 Identifying strategic disadvantages of developing sport for all : experts point of views. Applied Research of Sport Management, 10(38), 101-110. (Persian) Doi: 10.30473/arsm.2021.8237

Garkisch, M., Heidingsfelder, J., & Beckmann, M. (2017). Third Sector Organizations and Migration: A Systematic Literature Review on the Contribution of Third Sector Organizations in View of Flight, Migration and Refugee Crises. VOLUNTAS: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations, 28(5), 1839–1880. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11266-017-9895-4

Ghadimi, B., Madadi, F., Azad, Sh., & Hojat, S. (2020). The role of the motivation of women's sports participation on the degree of tendency towards social abnormal behaviors in racquet sports fields. Scientific Quarterly of Strategic Studies of the Ministry of Sports. 49, 275. (Persian)

Ghazi, F. (2011). Rules for walking and losing weight with a treadmill. Iranian Publications. (Persian)

Hekmat, M., Mokhtaridinani, M., & Norouzi, R. (2020). Designing a model for development of women sports with an emphasis on sports as a social phenomenon: What do we need? Journal of Human Sport and Exercise. 17(1), 105-115. https://doi.org/10.14198/jhse.2022.171.11

Hoseinzadeh, N. (2021). Investigating and preparing of the executive model for Exercise at home. Master's thesis  of Urmia Univercity.

Jalaei, S., &  Amjadi, M. (2021). Estimating the sports demand of Iranian households. Sports Management and Development. 10(26), 11-20. (Persian)  Doi: 10.22124/JSMD.2021.5052

Kalashi, M., Hoseini, S., Rajayii, M. (2020). The role of sport in the crime rate in Iran (1374-1391). Journal of the Sports Management and Movement Behavior, 16(32), 115-124. (Persian) Doi: 10.22080/JSMB.2017.6867.1949

Kalashi, M., Karimi, J., & Eidi, H. (2018). Economic evaluation of participation in sports and determination of people's willingness to pay (demand for sports). Contemporary Researches in Sports Management, 9(17), 95-107. (Persian) Doi: 10.22084/SMMS.2019.18516.2345

Kermani, M. (2011). Will strengthening and losing weight, Legha Noor Publications. (Persian)

Khazaei, M., & Safai, I. (2020). Prioritizing the Factors Affecting Birjand Citizens Tendency to Sport. Strategic Studies on Youth and Sports (SSYS), 19(50), 189. (Persian)

Lamir, A. (2021). Exploration of the Contextual Factors in Institutionalizing Physical Activity. Applied Research of Sport Management, 10(1), 101-113. (Persian) Doi: 10.30473/arsm.2021.53629.3304

Lee, W., & Jeong, C. (2018). Effects of pro-environmental destination image and leisure sports mania on motivation and pro-environmental behavior of visitors to
Korea›s national parks. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 10, 25-35.   https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2018.05.005 

Majdi, A., & Mir Mohammad Tabar, S. (2020). Investigating the effect of sports participation on social vitality by moderating social health. Strategic Studies on Youth and Sports (SSYS),, 19(47), 133-147. (Persian)

Mohseni Chelak, M. H., Emami, F., Ghorbani, M. H., & Tarighi, R. (2022). Analysis of Effective Factors on Sustainable Participation in Student Sports. Research on Educational Sport, 10 (26), 173-96. (Persian) https://doi.org/10.22089/res.2021.10027.2043

Rabibi, M., Nazari, R., & Jalili Kamjo, S. (2021). Futurism in All Sport: Sustainable Monetization Scenarios. Applied Research of Sport Management. 10(3), 51-63. (Persian) dOI: 10.30473/ARSM.2022.8533

Raggiottoa, R., Scarpib, D., & Mason, M. (2019). Faster! More! Better! Drivers of upgrading among participants in extreme sports events. Journal of Business Research, 102, 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.04.047 

Rahbari, S., Khodayari, A., Honary, H., & Amirtash, A. (2021). Compilation of solutions and effective consequences on financial support of Iran's public sports. Strategic Studies on Youth and Sports (SSYS), 20(51), 113-134.

 (Persian)

Razavi, S., Majedi, N., & Mohammadian, F. (2020). Analysis of the effect of the role of virtual communication networks on the attitude and sports participation of Tehrani citizens. Scientific Quarterly of Strategic Studies of the Ministry of Sports, 19(47), 223. (Persian)

Saeedi, A., Heidari Charudeh, M., & Qadimi, B. (2011). Public sports and Tehrani citizens. Tehran: Jamia wa Farhang.  

Sarlab, R., Khodadadi, M., & Kashef, M. (2021). Willingness to pay people and estimating the economic value of sports venues in Tabriz. Sports Management and Development. 10(4), 30-31. (Persian)  Doi: 10.22124/JSMD.2021.5359

Sayadi, M. (2021). The most influential indicators of children's sports education in the initial step of life by the family. Roshd Journal of Physical Education, 20(3), 3-1. (Persian)

 Schulenkorf, N., & Siefken, K. (2019). Managing sport-for-development and healthy lifestyles: The sport-for-health model. Sport Management Review, 22(1), 96–107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smr.2018.09.003

Sherma, R. (2010). Who will cry for you when you die? Nafis Mu'takif's translation. Hu Publications. P. 42. (Persian)

Strauss, A., & Corbin, J. (2008). Basics of qualitative research. Translated by Mohammadi, Biok, Tehran: Human Science & Cultural Studies Center Publication.(persian)

Tabesh, S., Shariyari, N., & Nazari, R. (2021). Identification of Key and Strategic Factors of Excellence for the Desirable Future of Sport for all in Iran. Research on Educational Sport, 9(23), 267-94. (Persian). Doi: 10.22089/RES.2020.8645.1838.

Wang, L., Tang, Y., & Luo, J. (2017). School and community physical activity characteristics and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity among Chinese school-aged children: A multilevel path model analysis. Journal of Sport and Health Science, 6(4), 416–422. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2017.09.001

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

Abioye, A., Hajifathalian, K., & Danaei, G. (2016). Do mass media campaigns improve physical activity. A systematic review and meta-analysis. Archives of Public Health, 1(10), 18-29. https://doi.org/10.1186/0778-7367-71-20 
Anari, GH., & GHasemi, H. (2020). The Role of Media Consumption on Physical Activity Based on Health Pattern and Perceived Physical Literacy in Iranian Students. Applied Research of Sport Management. 9(2). (Persian).
Anderson, A., Dixon, M. A., Oshiro, K. F.. Wicker, P., Comigham, G. B., & Heere B. (2019). Managerial perceptions of factors affecting the design and delivary of sportfor health programs for refugee populations. Sport Management Review, 22, 80-95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smr.2018.06.015 
Arabzadeh, T. S., Goodarzi, M., Jalali Farahani, M., & Alidoost, E. (2022). Designing and preparing the strategic development plan for Yazd province’s public sport. Sport Management Journal, 14(1), 332-351. (Persian)  https://doi.org/10.22059/jsm.2020.282055.2279
 Asadi, N., Tojari, F., & Nikayin, Z. (2020). The place of sports in the Iran's five-year plans laws. Strategic Studies on Youth and Sports (SSYS),  19(47), 165. (persian)
Askarian, F., Rahbar, M. (2021). Sports Development Model in Iran, Emphasizing the Stakeholder, Practice and Process. Sport Management Journal. 13(1), 315-339. (Persian) https://doi.org/10.22059/jsm.2020.291842.2354
Atghia N. (2017). Assessing the needs of different classes of Iranian women in the sport for all. Journal of Research on Sport Sciences, 4(17), 15-32.(persian)
Babayi, M., Fattah, F. & Shakeri, N. (2018). A qualitative model of sport for all development in Iran based on the grand theory. Journal of Sports and Youth Strategic Studies, 19(49), 95-111. (Persian)
Cheah, Y. K., Azahadi, M., Phang, S. N.  Hazialah, N. (2017). Factors affecting participation decsion and amount of physical activity among urban dwellers in Malay- sia. Public Health, 146. 84-91. DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2017.01.009
Cruz, E., & Raurich, X. (2020). Leisure Time and the Sectoral Composition of Employment. Review of Economic Dynamics. 38, 198-219. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.red.2020.04.004
Elasri-Ejjaberi, A., Aparicio-Chueca, P., & Triadó-Ivern, X. M. (2020). An analysis of the determinants of sport expenditure in sports centers in Spain. Sustainability, 12(23), 10206.‏ DOI:10.3390/su122310206
Fakhri, F., Mousavi, S., Hadi, M., & Alavi, S. (2021). The Impact of Socio-Economic Factors and Sport Participation on Sport and MedicalExpenditures of Employees(Case Study: One of the Military Cultural Centers), Journal of Cultural Guardianship of The Islamic Revolution, 10(22), 287-317.  (Persian)
Fosonghori, F., Norouzi Seyed Hossini, R., Saffari, M. & Kozechian, H. (2022). Strategies for using new technologies to develop recreational sports: from pilot to commercialization. Sport Management Journal, 14 (1), 332-351. (Persian)  https://doi.org/10.22059/jsm.2021.311581.2591
Fozounkhah, P. M., Shahbazi, M., & Monazam, A. (2022 Identifying strategic disadvantages of developing sport for all : experts point of views. Applied Research of Sport Management, 10(38), 101-110. (Persian) Doi: 10.30473/arsm.2021.8237
Garkisch, M., Heidingsfelder, J., & Beckmann, M. (2017). Third Sector Organizations and Migration: A Systematic Literature Review on the Contribution of Third Sector Organizations in View of Flight, Migration and Refugee Crises. VOLUNTAS: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations, 28(5), 1839–1880. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11266-017-9895-4
Ghadimi, B., Madadi, F., Azad, Sh., & Hojat, S. (2020). The role of the motivation of women's sports participation on the degree of tendency towards social abnormal behaviors in racquet sports fields. Scientific Quarterly of Strategic Studies of the Ministry of Sports. 49, 275. (Persian)
Ghazi, F. (2011). Rules for walking and losing weight with a treadmill. Iranian Publications. (Persian)
Hekmat, M., Mokhtaridinani, M., & Norouzi, R. (2020). Designing a model for development of women sports with an emphasis on sports as a social phenomenon: What do we need? Journal of Human Sport and Exercise. 17(1), 105-115. https://doi.org/10.14198/jhse.2022.171.11
Hoseinzadeh, N. (2021). Investigating and preparing of the executive model for Exercise at home. Master's thesis  of Urmia Univercity.
Jalaei, S., &  Amjadi, M. (2021). Estimating the sports demand of Iranian households. Sports Management and Development. 10(26), 11-20. (Persian)  Doi: 10.22124/JSMD.2021.5052
Kalashi, M., Hoseini, S., Rajayii, M. (2020). The role of sport in the crime rate in Iran (1374-1391). Journal of the Sports Management and Movement Behavior, 16(32), 115-124. (Persian) Doi: 10.22080/JSMB.2017.6867.1949
Kalashi, M., Karimi, J., & Eidi, H. (2018). Economic evaluation of participation in sports and determination of people's willingness to pay (demand for sports). Contemporary Researches in Sports Management, 9(17), 95-107. (Persian) Doi: 10.22084/SMMS.2019.18516.2345
Kermani, M. (2011). Will strengthening and losing weight, Legha Noor Publications. (Persian)
Khazaei, M., & Safai, I. (2020). Prioritizing the Factors Affecting Birjand Citizens Tendency to Sport. Strategic Studies on Youth and Sports (SSYS), 19(50), 189. (Persian)
Lamir, A. (2021). Exploration of the Contextual Factors in Institutionalizing Physical Activity. Applied Research of Sport Management, 10(1), 101-113. (Persian) Doi: 10.30473/arsm.2021.53629.3304
Lee, W., & Jeong, C. (2018). Effects of pro-environmental destination image and leisure sports mania on motivation and pro-environmental behavior of visitors to
Korea›s national parks. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 10, 25-35.   https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2018.05.005 
Majdi, A., & Mir Mohammad Tabar, S. (2020). Investigating the effect of sports participation on social vitality by moderating social health. Strategic Studies on Youth and Sports (SSYS),, 19(47), 133-147. (Persian)
Mohseni Chelak, M. H., Emami, F., Ghorbani, M. H., & Tarighi, R. (2022). Analysis of Effective Factors on Sustainable Participation in Student Sports. Research on Educational Sport, 10 (26), 173-96. (Persian) https://doi.org/10.22089/res.2021.10027.2043
Rabibi, M., Nazari, R., & Jalili Kamjo, S. (2021). Futurism in All Sport: Sustainable Monetization Scenarios. Applied Research of Sport Management. 10(3), 51-63. (Persian) dOI: 10.30473/ARSM.2022.8533
Raggiottoa, R., Scarpib, D., & Mason, M. (2019). Faster! More! Better! Drivers of upgrading among participants in extreme sports events. Journal of Business Research, 102, 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.04.047 
Rahbari, S., Khodayari, A., Honary, H., & Amirtash, A. (2021). Compilation of solutions and effective consequences on financial support of Iran's public sports. Strategic Studies on Youth and Sports (SSYS), 20(51), 113-134.
 (Persian)
Razavi, S., Majedi, N., & Mohammadian, F. (2020). Analysis of the effect of the role of virtual communication networks on the attitude and sports participation of Tehrani citizens. Scientific Quarterly of Strategic Studies of the Ministry of Sports, 19(47), 223. (Persian)
Saeedi, A., Heidari Charudeh, M., & Qadimi, B. (2011). Public sports and Tehrani citizens. Tehran: Jamia wa Farhang.  
Sarlab, R., Khodadadi, M., & Kashef, M. (2021). Willingness to pay people and estimating the economic value of sports venues in Tabriz. Sports Management and Development. 10(4), 30-31. (Persian)  Doi: 10.22124/JSMD.2021.5359
Sayadi, M. (2021). The most influential indicators of children's sports education in the initial step of life by the family. Roshd Journal of Physical Education, 20(3), 3-1. (Persian)
 Schulenkorf, N., & Siefken, K. (2019). Managing sport-for-development and healthy lifestyles: The sport-for-health model. Sport Management Review, 22(1), 96–107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smr.2018.09.003
Sherma, R. (2010). Who will cry for you when you die? Nafis Mu'takif's translation. Hu Publications. P. 42. (Persian)
Strauss, A., & Corbin, J. (2008). Basics of qualitative research. Translated by Mohammadi, Biok, Tehran: Human Science & Cultural Studies Center Publication.(persian)
Tabesh, S., Shariyari, N., & Nazari, R. (2021). Identification of Key and Strategic Factors of Excellence for the Desirable Future of Sport for all in Iran. Research on Educational Sport, 9(23), 267-94. (Persian). Doi: 10.22089/RES.2020.8645.1838.
Wang, L., Tang, Y., & Luo, J. (2017). School and community physical activity characteristics and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity among Chinese school-aged children: A multilevel path model analysis. Journal of Sport and Health Science, 6(4), 416–422. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2017.09.001

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 19 February 2023
  • Revise Date: 06 June 2023
  • Accept Date: 24 August 2024

Share

How to cite

Statistics