طراحی مدل آموزش مبتنی بر شایستگی برای راهنمایان گردشگری ماجراجویانه در ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه مدیریت ورزشی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه صنعتی شاهرود، شاهرود، ایران.

2 دانشیار، گروه مدیریت ورزشی دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی دانشگاه صنعتی شاهرود. شاهرود. ایران.

3 دانشیار ، گروه مدیریت ورزشی دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی دانشگاه صنعتی شاهرود، شاهرود. ایران

10.30473/arsm.2025.75074.3974

چکیده

رشد روزافزون گردشگری ماجراجویانه در ایران، ضرورت تربیت راهنمایانی حرفه‌ای با شایستگی‌های چندبعدی را بیش‌ازپیش آشکار ساخته است. این پژوهش باهدف طراحی یک مدل آموزش بومی‌سازی شده و مبتنی بر شایستگی برای راهنمایان گردشگری ماجراجویانه در ایران انجام شد. روش‌شناسی کیفی با رویکرد تفسیرگرایانه به کار گرفته شد و داده‌ها از طریق ۲۲ مصاحبه نیمه‌ساختار‌یافته با راهنمایان، مدرسان، کارشناسان و متخصصان حوزه گردشگری گردآوری و با استفاده از تحلیل تماتیک بررسی شدند. یافته‌ها چهار بعد اصلی شایستگی‌های موردنیاز را شامل می‌شوند: شایستگی‌های فنی مانند: کمک‌های اولیه، کار با تجهیزات تخصصی و دانش محیطی، شایستگی های بین‌فردی مانند: رهبری، ارتباط مؤثر، و اخلاق حرفه‌ای، شایستگی های فردی مثل: آمادگی جسمی، مدیریت استرس، خلاقیت و هویت حرفه‌ای و شایستگی‌های پایدار که شامل: مسئولیت‌های زیست‌محیطی، فرهنگی و اقتصادی بود. همچنین، مدل سه سطحی آموزش مقدماتی، پیشرفته و حرفه‌ای برای ارتقای تدریجی راهنمایان پیشنهاد شد. روش‌های یادگیری پیشنهادی شامل آموزش میدانی، یادگیری ترکیبی، شبیه‌سازی و منتورینگ بودند. نظام ارزیابی نیز بر پایه عملکرد میدانی، بازخورد گردشگران و صدور گواهینامه‌های چندسطحی طراحی شد. نتایج نشان می‌دهد که مدل پیشنهادی می‌تواند نه‌تنها کیفیت عملکرد راهنمایان را افزایش دهد، بلکه در سطوح خرد، میانی و کلان پیامدهای مثبتی داشته باشد. این پژوهش با ارائه چارچوبی جامع، گامی مهم در جهت حرفه‌ای‌سازی راهنمایی ماجراجویانه در ایران برداشته و می‌تواند مبنای مدل آموزشی آینده قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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