شناسایی و رتبه‌بندی عوامل فرهنگی- اجتماعی مؤثر بر فرهنگ سازی هواداری در ورزش ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموخته دکتری مدیریت ورزشی دانشگاه ارومیه

2 دانشجوی مدیریت ورزشی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی دانشگاه تهران

3 استادیارگروه تربیت بدنی دانشکده علوم انسانی واحد تهران غرب، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

4 دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت ورزشی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد گرگان، گرگان، ایران

چکیده

هدف از پژوهش حاضر، شناسایی و رتبه‌بندی عوامل فرهنگی- اجتماعی مؤثر بر فرهنگ سازی هواداری در ورزش ایران می‌باشد. جامعه آماری تحقیق شامل صاحبنظران حوزه ورزش و جامعه شناسی ورزش بودند که به موضوع تحقیق حاضر اشراف کامل داشتند. بر اساس انتخاب گلوله‌برفی، تعداد 18 نفر به عنوان نمونه تحقیق مشخص گردیدند. در پژوهش حاضر، بـه منظـور طراحـی چـارچوب مفهـومی تحقیق از نظریه سه شاخگی کمک گرفته شد. به منظور شناسایی عوامل فرهنگی- اجتماعی مؤثر بر فرهنگ سازی هواداری در ورزش ایران، از مبانی نظری موجود و همچنین نظر خبرگان استفاده شد. بدین منظور ابتدا محقق با شناسایی عوامل اولیه مستخرج از مقالات، تعدادی از عوامل را مشخص نمود و سپس با استفاده از بررسی نظرات تیم خبرگان، به نهایی نمودن این عوامل اقدام نمود. در این تحقیق در نهایت تعداد 8 عامل فرهنگی- اجتماعی مؤثر بر فرهنگ سازی هواداری در ورزش ایران شامل خانواده، دوستان، رسانه های جمعی، رسانه های اجتماعی، نگرش اجتماعی، عقاید مذهبی، محیط اجتماعی و ساختار اجتماعی شناسایی و نهایی گردید. به منظور رتبه بندی عوامل از روش الکتره استفاده گردید. کلیه روند تجزیه و تحلیل داده های تحقیق با استفاده از نرم افزار Electre SoLver انجام گردید. نتایج نشان داد که خانواده با چیرگی 7، مهمترین عوامل فرهنگی- اجتماعی مؤثر بر فرهنگ سازی هواداری در ورزش ایران می باشد. نتایج همچنین نشان داد که ساختار اجتماعی و محیط اجتماعی با چیرگی یک، کم اهمیت ترین عوامل فرهنگی- اجتماعی مؤثر بر فرهنگ سازی هواداری در ورزش ایران می باشد.

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